• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    CORROSION RESISTANT BUSHING This is a method of forming a corrosion resistant bushing which includes attaching a sliding layer to a first surface of a load carrying substrate to form a laminate sheet and cut a laminate sheet outline. The laminate sheet includes an exposed surface corresponding to a second surface of the load carrying substrate. The sketch includes cut edges that have a portion of the load carrying substrate. The method includes additionally forming a semi-finished bush from the sketch, and applying a corrosion resistant coating to the surface of the cut edges to form the corrosion resistant bush.
    公开号:BR112012004438B1
    申请号:R112012004438-9
    申请日:2010-08-27
    公开日:2020-12-08
    发明作者:Parag Natu
    申请人:Saint-Gobain Performance Plastics Pampus Gmbh；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    REVELATION FIELD
    [1] This disclosure, in general, refers to corrosion resistant bushings. BACKGROUND
    [2] Sliding conveyor composite materials consisting of a load carrying substrate and a sliding layer cover are generally known. The load-carrying substrate and the sliding layer are usually connected through lamination with the use of a suitable adhesive. Composite sliding conveyor materials can be used to form maintenance-free bushings used, for example, by the automotive industry. These maintenance-free bushings can be used for door, hood and engine box joints, seats, steering columns, steering wheels, balancer shaft bearings, etc. In addition, maintenance-free bushings formed from sliding composite transport materials can also be used in non-automotive applications. There is a constant need for improved maintenance-free bushings that have longer maintenance-free life and improved corrosion resistance. SUMMARY
    [3] In one embodiment, a method of forming a corrosion-resistant bush may include cutting an outline of a laminate sheet that includes a sliding layer attached to a first surface of a load carrying substrate. The outline may have cut edges that include a portion of the load carrying substrate and an exposed main surface of the load carrying substrate. The method for further including forming a semi-finished bush from the sketch, and applying a corrosion resistant coating to the exposed surface and the load carrying substrate portion of the cut edges to form the corrosion resistant bush.
    [4] In another embodiment, a bushing may include a load carrying substrate. The load carrying substrate may have a first main surface, a second main surface and edges. A sliding layer can be bonded to the first surface, and a corrosion resistant layer can be bonded to the second surface and can extend to cover the edges of the load carrying substrate.
    [5] In yet another embodiment, a bushing can include a load carrying substrate. The load carrying substrate can have a first main surface and a second main surface. A sliding layer can be attached to the first surface, and a corrosion resistant layer can be attached to the second surface.
    [6] Additionally, the bush may have a Corrosion Resistance Rating of at least about 120 hours. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
    [7] The present disclosure can be better understood and its various features and advantages are evident for those skilled in the art through reference to the attached drawings.
    [8] Figures 1 and 2 are exemplary illustrations of the layer structure of the corrosion resistant bushings.
    [9] Figure 3 is an illustration of several bushings.
    [10] Figures 4, 5 and 6 are illustrations of exemplary articulations.
    [11] Figure 7 is an illustration of an exemplary bicycle headset.
    [12] Figure 8 is a view of the corrosion resistant bush.
    [13] Figure 9 is an alternative view of the corrosion resistant bush.
    [14] Figure 10 is an approximation view of the 802 region of Figure 8 showing the cut edges of the corrosion resistant bush.
    [15] The use of the same reference symbols in different drawings indicates identical or similar items. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
    [16] Figure 1 shows a cross section illustrating the various layers of the corrosion-resistant bushing, generally referred to as 100. The bushing 100 may include a load carrying substrate 102. The load carrying substrate 102 may be a metallic support layer. The metallic backing layer can include a metal or metal alloy such as steel that includes carbon steel, spring steel and the like, iron, aluminum, zinc, copper, magnesium or any combination thereof. In a particular embodiment, the load carrying substrate 102 can be a metal (which includes metal alloys), such as ferrous alloys. The cargo transport substrate 102 can be coated with temporary corrosion protection layers 104 and 106 to prevent corrosion of the cargo transport substrate prior to processing.
    [17] Additionally, the temporary corrosion protection layer 108 can be applied over the top of layer 104. Each of layers 104, 106, and 108 can have a thickness between about 1 micron to about 50 microns, such as between about 7 microns and about 15 microns. The layers 104 and 106 can include a zinc phosphate, iron, manganese or any combination thereof. In addition, the layers may be a nanoceramic layer.
    [18] Additionally, layers 104 and 106 may include functional silanes, nanoscale silane-based initiators, hydrolysed silanes, organosilane adhesion promoters, solvent / water-based silane initiators, chlorinated polyolefins, passive surfaces, coatings of zinc or zinc-nickel (mechanical / galvanic) or any combination thereof. Layer 108 may include functional silanes, nanoscale silane-based initiators, hydrolysed silanes, organosilane adhesion promoters, solvent / water-based silane initiators. Temporary corrosion protection layers 104, 106 and 108 can be removed or retained during processing.
    [19] A sliding layer 110 can be applied to the load carrying substrate 102 with an adhesive layer 112. Sliding layer 110 can include a polymer. Examples of polymers that can be used in sliding layer 110 include polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), fluorinated ethylene-propylene (FEP), polyvinylidenefluoride (PVDF), polychloro-trifluoroethylene (PCTFE), ethylene chlorotrifluoroethylene (ECTFE), polyfluoroalkenate, polyfluetalalkoxy polymer, polybutylene, polyimide, polyetherimide, polyetheretherketone (PEEK), polyethylene, polysulfone, polyamide, polyphenylene oxide, polyphenylene sulfide (PPS), polyurethane, polyester or any combination thereof. In addition, the sliding layer 110 can include loads, such as a friction-reducing load. Examples of fillers that can be used on sliding layer 110 include glass fibers, carbon fibers, silicon, graphite, PEEK, molybdenum disulfide, aromatic polyester, carbon particles, bronze, fluoropolymer, thermoplastic fillers, silicon carbide, oxide aluminum, polyamidimide (PAI), PPS, polyphenylene sulfone (PPSO2), liquid crystal polymers (LCP), aromatic polyesters (Econol), and mineral particles such as wollastonite and barium sulfate or any combination thereof. The charges can be in the form of microspheres, fibers, dust, mesh or any combination thereof.
    [20] In one embodiment, the sliding layer can include a woven mesh or an expanded metal grid. The woven mesh or expanded metal grid may include a metal or metal alloy such as aluminum, steel, stainless steel, bronze or the like. Alternatively, the woven mesh can be a woven polymer mesh. In an alternative embodiment, the sliding layer may not include a mesh or grid. In an alternative embodiment shown in Figure 2, the woven mesh or expanded metal grid 120 can be embedded between two adhesive layers 112A and 112B.
    [21] Returning to Figure 1, the adhesive layer 112 can be a hot-melt adhesive. Examples of adhesives that can be used in adhesive layer 112 include fluoropolymers, epoxy resins, polyimide resins, polyether / polyamide copolymers, ethylene vinyl acetates, ethylene tetrafluoroethylene (ETFE), ETFE copolymer, perfluoroalkoxy (PFA) or any combination thereof. In addition, adhesive layer 112 may include at least one functional group selected from -C = O, -COR, -COH, -COOH, -COOR, -CF2 = CF-OR, or any combination thereof, where R is a cyclic or linear organic group that contains between 1 and 20 carbon atoms. In addition, adhesive layer 112 may include a copolymer. In one embodiment, the hot melt adhesive may have a melting temperature of no more than about 250 ° C, just as it may not be greater than about 220 ° C. In another embodiment, the adhesive layer 112 can break above about 200 ° C, such as above about 220 ° C. In additional embodiments, the melting temperature of the hot melt adhesive can be greater than 250 ° C, even greater than 300 ° C.
    [22] On an opposite surface of the load carrying substrate 102 of the sliding layer 110, a corrosion resistant coating 114 can be applied. The corrosion resistant coating 114 can have a thickness between about 1 micron and about 50 microns, such as between about 5 microns and about 20 microns, such as between about 7 microns and 15 microns. The corrosion resistant coating can include an adhesion promoter layer 116 and an epoxy layer 118. The adhesion promoter layer 116 can include a zinc phosphate, iron, manganese, tin or any combination thereof. In addition, the adhesion promoter layer 116 can be a nanoceramic layer. The adhesion promoter layer 116 may include functional silanes, nanoscale silane-based layers, hydrolyzed silanes, organosilane adhesion promoters, solvent / water-based silane initiators, colored polyolefins, passivated surfaces, zinc or zinc coatings - commercially available nickel (mechanical / galvanic) or any combination thereof.
    [23] The epoxy layer 118 can be a heat cured epoxy, a UV cured epoxy, an IR cured epoxy, an electron beam cured epoxy, a radiation cured epoxy or an air cured epoxy. In addition, the epoxy resin may include polyglycidyl ether, diglycidyl ether, bisphenol A, bisphenol F, oxirane, oxacyclopropane, ethylene oxide, 1,2-epoxypropane, 2-methyloxyrane, 9,10-epoxy-9,10-dihydroanthracene or any combination thereof. The epoxy resin can include epoxies modified by synthetic resin based on phenolic resins, urea resins, melamine resins, benzoguanamine with formaldehyde or any combination thereof. For example, epoxies can include
    Menoepoxide
    bis epoxide tris epoxide linear
    branched epoxide tris
    or any combination thereof, where CxHyXzAu is a straight or branched saturated or unsaturated carbon chain with optionally Xz halogen atoms that replace hydrogen atoms and, optionally, where atoms such as nitrogen, phosphorus, boron, etc. are present and B is one of carbon, nitrogen, oxygen, phosphorus, boron, sulfur, etc.
    [24] The epoxy resin may additionally include a curing agent. The curing agent can include amines, acid anhydrides, novolac phenol hardeners such as poly [N- (4-hydroxyphenyl) maleimide] phenol (PHPMI), phenol formaldehyde resole, grease amine compounds, polycarbonate anhydrides, polyacrylate, isocyanates, encapsulated polyisocyanates, boron trifluoride amine complexes, chromium-based hardeners, polyamides or any combination of the same. In general, acid anhydrides can conform to the formula R-C = O-O-C = O-R 'where R can be CxHyXzAu as described above. The amines can include aliphatic amines such as monoethylamine, diethylenetriamine, triethylenetetraamine and the like, cyclic amines, aromatic amines such as cyclic aliphatic amines, cycloaliphatic amines, amidoamines, polyamides, dicandandides, imidazole derivatives and the like, or any combination thereof.
    [25] In general, the amines can be primary amines, secondary amines or tertiary amines that conform to the formula R1R2R3N where R can be CxHyXzAu as described above.
    [26] In one embodiment, the epoxy layer 118 may include fillers to improve conductivity, such as carbon fillers, carbon fibers, carbon particles, graphite, metallic fillers such as bronze, aluminum and other metals and their alloys, metal oxide fillers, metal coated carbon fillers, metal coated polymer fillers or any combination thereof. Conductive loads can allow the current to pass through the epoxy coating and can increase the conductivity of the coated bushing compared to a coated bushing without conductive loads. In one embodiment, an epoxy layer can increase the corrosion resistance of the bush.
    [27] For example, an epoxy layer, such as epoxy layer 118, can substantially prevent corrosive elements, such as water, salts and the like, from coming into contact with the load carrying substrate, thereby inhibiting corrosion cargo transport substrate chemistry. In addition, the epoxy layer can inhibit galvanic corrosion of the housing or the cargo transport substrate by preventing contact between dissimilar metals. For example, placing an aluminum bush without the epoxy layer inside a magnesium housing can cause the magnesium to oxidize. However, an epoxy layer, such as epoxy layer 118, can prevent the aluminum substrate from coming into contact with the magnesium housing and inhibit corrosion due to a galvanic reaction.
    [28] Turning to the bushing method, the sliding layer can be glued to the load transport substrate using a melting adhesive to form a laminate sheet. A laminate sheet can be cut into strips or outlines that can be formed on the bush. Cutting the laminate sheet can create cut edges that include an exposed portion of the load carrying substrate. Sketches can be formed in the bush, such as by laminating and flanging the laminate to form a semi-finished bush of a desired shape.
    [29] Figures 3A to 3F illustrate numerous bushing formats that can be formed from the sketches. Figure 3A illustrates a cylindrical bush that can be formed by lamination. Figure 3B illustrates a flanged bushing that can be formed by lamination and flanging. Figure 3C illustrates a flanged bush that has a tapered cylindrical portion that can be formed by rolling a tapered portion and flanging an end. Figure 3D illustrates a flanged bush mounted in a housing with an axle pin mounted through the flanged bush. Figure 3E illustrates a two-sided flanged bushing in a housing with an axle pin mounted through the two-sided flanged bushing. Figure 3F illustrates an L-type bushing that can be formed using a cold dip drawing and stamping process, instead of lamination and flanging.
    [30] After forming the semi-finished sleeve, the semi-finished sleeve can be cleaned to remove any Lubricants and Oils used in the forming and forming process. In addition, cleaning can prepare the exposed surface of the load carrying substrate for the application of the corrosion resistant coating. Cleaning may include chemical cleaning with solvents and / or mechanical cleaning, such as ultrasonic cleaning.
    [31] In one embodiment, an adhesion promoter layer, such as adhesion promoter layer 116, can be applied to exposed surfaces of the load carrying substrate. The adhesion promoter layer can include a zinc phosphate, iron, manganese, tin or any combination thereof. The adhesion promoter layer can be applied as a nanoceramic layer. The adhesion promoter layer 116 may include functional silanes, nanoscale silane-based layers, hydrolysed silanes, organosilane adhesion promoters, solvent / water-based silane initiators, chlorinated polyolefins, passive surfaces, zinc or zinc coatings - commercially available nickel (mechanical / galvanic) or any combination thereof. The adhesion promoter layer can be applied by spray coating, electrodeposition coating, immersion and centrifuge coating, electrostatic coating, flow coating, cylinder coating, knife coating, coil coating, or the like.
    [32] Additionally, applying the corrosion resistant layer may include applying an epoxy coating. The epoxy can be a two component epoxy or a single component epoxy. Advantageously, a single component epoxy can have a longer functional life. Functional life can be the amount of time it takes to prepare the epoxy until it can no longer be applied as a coating. For example, a single component epoxy may have a functional life of months compared to a functional life of a two component epoxy of a few hours.
    [33] In one embodiment, the epoxy layer can be applied by spray coating, electrodeposition coating, immersion and centrifugation coating, electrostatic coating, flow coating, cylinder coating, knife coating, coil coating or the like. In addition, the epoxy layer can be cured, such as thermal curing, UV curing, IR curing, electron beam curing, irradiation curing or any combination thereof. Preferably, curing can be carried out without increasing the temperature of the component above the breaking temperature of any of the sliding layer, the adhesive layer, the woven mesh or the adhesion promoter layer.
    [34] Consequently, the epoxy can be cured below about 250 ° C, still below about 200 ° C.
    [35] Preferably, the corrosion resistant coating, and particularly the epoxy layer, can be applied to cover the exposed edges of the load carrying substrate as well as the main surface not covered by the sliding layer. Electroplating coating and electrostatic coating can be particularly useful in applying corrosion resistant coating layers to all exposed metal surfaces without coating the non-conductive sliding layer.
    [36] Additionally, it is preferable that the corrosion resistant coating continuously covers the exposed surfaces of the load carrying substrate without cracks or voids. The consistent and continuous coverage of the cargo transport substrate can substantially prevent corrosive elements such as salts and water from coming into contact with the cargo transport substrate. In one embodiment, transport with such a corrosion-resistant coating can have a significantly increased life span, and in particular, the transport can have a Corrosion Resistance Rating of at least about 120 hours, such as at least about 168 hours, such as at least about 240 hours, still at least about 288 hours.
    [37] In an alternative embodiment, the corrosion resistance layer can be applied at any time during the bush processing, which includes before applying the sliding layer, before forming the outline, but after applying the sliding layer, or between the formation of the outline and the conformation of the bush. Figures 4 and 5 illustrate an exemplary hinge 400, such as a vehicle door hinge, hood hinge, engine compartment hinge and the like. The hinge 400 may include an inner hinge portion 402 and an outer hinge portion 404. Hinge portions 402 and 404 can be joined by rivets 406 and 408 and bushings 410 and 412. Bushings 410 and 412 can be sturdy bushings corrosion, as previously described. Figure 5 illustrates a cross section of joint 400, showing rivet 408 and bushing 412 in greater detail.
    [38] Figure 6 illustrates another exemplary hinge 600, such as a vehicle door hinge, hood hinge, engine compartment hinge and the like. The hinge 600 can include a first hinge portion 602 and a second hinge portion 604 joined by a pin 606 and a bush 608. The bush 608 can be a corrosion resistant bush as described above.
    [39] Figure 7 illustrates an exemplary headset 700 for a two-wheeled vehicle, such as a bicycle. A steering tube 702 can be inserted through a head tube 704. Sockets 706 and 708 can be placed between the steering tube 702 and the head tube 704 to maintain alignment and prevent contact between the steering tube 702 and head tube 704. Additionally, seals 710 and 712 can prevent contamination of the bushing sliding surface by dirt and other particulate matter. Examples
    [40] A Corrosion Resistance Classification is determined according to the neutral salt spray test defined by ISO 9227: 2006 "Corrosion tests in artificial atmospheres - salt spray tests", second edition published on July 15, 2007. In In general, a test socket is placed in a salt spray chamber and subjected to a salt spray until at least 10% of the surface is covered with iron rust.
    [41] For example, Comparative Sample 1 is prepared by cutting a sketch of a type laminate (M100GG-2022-B commercially available from Saint-Gobain Performance Plastics) and forming to form the semi-finished sleeve. The sketch is formed by lamination and flanging to obtain the desired shape. The semi-finished product is galvanized with a layer of zinc. The chemical passivation products are applied to the zinc layer and then a sealing layer is applied over the top of the passive zinc layer. The Corrosion Resistance Rating of Comparative Sample 1 is determined to be 96 hours.
    [42] Sample 2 is prepared as Comparative Sample 1 except that an epoxy layer is applied to the semifinished bush instead of the passive and sealed zinc layer. The epoxy layer is applied using an electroplating coating process. Sample 3 is prepared like Sample 1 except that a layer of zinc phosphate is applied to the semi-finalized cap as an adhesion promoter layer before the epoxy layer. Sample 4 is prepared like Sample 3 except that a galvanic zinc layer is used as the adhesion promoter layer. Sample 5 is prepared like Sample 3 except that a mechanical zinc layer is used as an adhesion promoter layer. Corrosion Resistance Ratings for Samples 2, 3, 4 and 5 are determined to be at least 120 hours, at least 120 hours, at least 300 hours and at least 250 hours, respectively. Figures 8 and 9 show the finished bushing from Sample 2. Figure 10 is an approximation view of the edge region 802 of Figure 8. Figure 10 shows the corresponding epoxy coating on the load carrying substrate portion of the edge. of the laminate, as indicated in 1002.
    权利要求:
    Claims (15)
    [0001]
    1. Bushing (100), comprising a load carrying substrate (102) having a first main surface, a second main surface and edges; a sliding layer (110) connected to the first main surface; and a corrosion resistant layer (114) attached to the second main surface and extending to cover the edges of the load-carrying substrate, characterized by the fact that the corrosion resistant layer (114) includes a layer of epoxy resin (118 ) and an adhesion promoting layer (116) underlying the epoxy resin layer (118).
    [0002]
    2. Bushing (100), according to claim 1, characterized by the fact that the bushing has a corrosion resistance rating of at least 120 hours, as determined according to the neutral salt spray test defined by ISO 9227 : 2006.
    [0003]
    3. Bushing, according to claim 1, characterized by the fact that the bushing has a cylindrical portion.
    [0004]
    4. Bushing, according to claim 3, characterized by the fact that the cylindrical portion has the sliding layer on an internal surface.
    [0005]
    5. Bushing, according to claim 3, characterized by the fact that the cylindrical portion has the sliding layer on an external surface.
    [0006]
    6. Bushing, according to claim 3, characterized by the fact that the cylindrical portion is tapered at one end.
    [0007]
    7. Bushing according to claim 3, characterized by the fact that the bushing has a flange portion at one end of the cylindrical shape portion.
    [0008]
    8. Bushing according to claim 7, characterized in that the bushing has a second flange portion at the other end of the cylindrical shape portion.
    [0009]
    9. Bushing, according to claim 1, characterized by the fact that the corrosion resistant layer has a thickness between 1 micron and 50 microns.
    [0010]
    10. Bushing according to claim 1, characterized by the fact that the load-carrying substrate includes a metal or metal alloy.
    [0011]
    11. Bushing according to claim 1, characterized by the fact that the sliding layer includes a polymer.
    [0012]
    12. Bushing according to claim 1, characterized by the fact that it also comprises an adhesive layer between the first main surface of the load-carrying substrate and the sliding layer.
    [0013]
    13. Bushing, according to claim 1, characterized by the fact that the bushing has a Corrosion Resistance Rating of at least 168 hours, as determined according to the neutral salt spray test defined by ISO 9227: 2006.
    [0014]
    14. Bushing according to claim 1, characterized by the fact that the corrosion resistant layer is connected to the second main surface using electrostatic coating.
    [0015]
    15. Bushing according to claim 1, characterized by the fact that the corrosion resistant layer is attached to the edge of the load transport substrate using electrostatic coating.
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    法律状态:
    2019-01-08| B06F| Objections, documents and/or translations needed after an examination request according [chapter 6.6 patent gazette]|
    2019-09-10| B06U| Preliminary requirement: requests with searches performed by other patent offices: procedure suspended [chapter 6.21 patent gazette]|
    2020-04-07| B06A| Patent application procedure suspended [chapter 6.1 patent gazette]|
    2020-09-15| B09A| Decision: intention to grant [chapter 9.1 patent gazette]|
    2020-12-08| B16A| Patent or certificate of addition of invention granted [chapter 16.1 patent gazette]|Free format text: PRAZO DE VALIDADE: 10 (DEZ) ANOS CONTADOS A PARTIR DE 08/12/2020, OBSERVADAS AS CONDICOES LEGAIS. |
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    US12/549,713|2009-08-28|
    US12/549,713|US8944690B2|2009-08-28|2009-08-28|Corrosion resistant bushing|
    PCT/EP2010/062544|WO2011023794A1|2009-08-28|2010-08-27|Corrosion resistant bushing|
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